iersin.PDE11 custom synthesis orgAugust 2021 | Volume 12 | ArticleTorres-Silva et al.De novo Transcriptome of M. glaucescens Shoot OrganogenesisFIGURE 6 | Networks of differentially expressed genes. The networks were developed making use of GO categories in BiNGO for M. glaucescens explants ahead of (control) and immediately after (treated) shoot organogenesis induction. Bubble size and colour indicate the frequency with the GO term plus the P-value, respectively.Frontiers in Plant TrkA site Science | frontiersin.orgAugust 2021 | Volume 12 | ArticleTorres-Silva et al.De novo Transcriptome of M. glaucescens Shoot OrganogenesisTABLE 3 | Transcription aspect households containing downregulated and upregulated unigenes following M. glaucescens shoot organogenesis induction. Transcription element household Domain No. of unigenes Downregulated Upregulated AP2 AP2 zf-Dof DUF260 B3 and auxin response B3 zf-LSD1 G2-like GRAS Homeobox Homeobox zf-CCCH NAM bZIP_1 WRKY Myb_DNA-binding Myb_DNA-binding HLH EIN3 HSF_DNA-bind zf-C2H2 Trihelix GATA 2 1 0 5 1 0 two two 1 0 4 0 three 1 four 0 1 0 four 0 1 three 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 5 1 7 0 4 11 5 two 2 3 3 1 five 3 17 5 2 10 4 4 three 2 7 eight five 2 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0ERF household protein AP2 family members protein Dof family members protein LBD loved ones protein ARF household protein B3 family members protein LSD loved ones protein G2-like family members protein GRAS family protein HB-other loved ones protein TALE household protein C3H household protein NAC family members protein bZIP family protein WRKY family members protein MYB family protein MYB_related family members protein bHLH household protein EIL family members protein HSF family members protein C2H2 family members protein Trihelix loved ones protein GATA loved ones proteinHD-ZIP family protein HomeoboxE2F/DP loved ones protein E2F_TDP CAMTA household protein CG-1 NF-YC household protein NF-YA household protein NF-X1 household protein ZF-HD family members protein SBP loved ones protein YABBY family protein FAR1 household protein MIKC_MADS household protein GRF family members protein S1Fa-like family members protein TCP household protein DBB household protein NF-YC CBFB_NFYA zf-NF-X1 ZF-HD_dimer SBP YABBY FAR1 SRF-TF and K-box WRC and QLQ S1FA TCP zf-B_boxCO-like loved ones protein zf-B_box and CCTdivision and cell wall formation through regeneration (Bao et al., 2009). Furthermore, changes in cell fate can take place because of a brand new balance amongst euchromatin and heterochromatin following dynamic alterations in chromatin structure (Zhao et al., 2008), indicated right here by the presenceof histone-encoding genes amongst the upregulated transcripts (Figure 5). Transcription aspect households and unigenes were a lot more abundant among the upregulated than downregulated unigenes (Table three). This acquiring indicates that quite a few metabolic pathways are activated for the duration of shoot organogenesis induction. The families of transcription aspects discovered to become upregulated within this study (i.e., NF-Y, MYB, ERF, E2F, LBD, and NAC) are akin to these identified during plant organogenesis, additional confirming the part of those regulators in vegetative regeneration (Cheong et al., 2002; Bao et al., 2009; Cervantes-P ez et al., 2018; Nadiya et al., 2018; Pal et al., 2018; Xi et al., 2019). Through the in vitro culture preceding shoot organogenesis induction, the metabolism of M. glaucescens was characterized by fewer upregulated than downregulated genes, corroborating the low development price typical of cacti cultures (Lema-Rumiska and n Kulus, 2014; P ez-Molphe-Balch et al., 2015). Downregulated genes were largely involved in key metabolism. They included transcripts related to photosynthesis (15) and antenna proteins (five) identified in KEGG